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Hosking PartnersQuarterly30 Sep 2023Source: hoskingpartners.com

Q3 2023 – Quarterly Report Commentary

Hosking Partners is a London boutique founded in 2013 by Jeremy Hosking, a portfolio manager at Marathon Asset Management for over 25 years. It runs a single global equity strategy built on the capital-cycle, supply-side approach — contrarian, long-term, and unusually diversified (350+ holdings) under a multi-counsellor model, managing around $5.5bn.

Jeremy Hosking · 2013 · 伦敦Capital cycle / contrarian

In plain words

This report says Hosking Partners is cautious on the market, warning the long bond bull market may end and Big Tech is overvalued. They favor energy and Japanese stocks due to tight supply and cheap valuations. Key moves: increased Japan holdings (cross-shareholdings unwinding reveals value), added oil drillers (day rates rising confirm supply constraints), and cut Big Tech (doubtful about AI monetization).

AI SummaryAI-generated · may contain errors · verify against the original

At a Glance

One-sentence summary: The author maintains a [cautious] stance on the market, arguing that the fixed-income bull market may be ending and Big Tech faces cognitive dissonance. The portfolio is positioning for a value factor reversal by overweighting old-economy sectors such as energy and Japan.

  • The portfolio outperformed its benchmark this quarter, with the long-standing zero-weight position in Apple being the largest positive contributor, and the energy sector contributing the most.
  • Increased Japan holdings to approximately 12.5% (overweight by about 6.5%). The team conducted on-the-ground research on over 30 companies, with unwinding cross-shareholdings offering valuation appeal.
  • Added to oil drilling companies, as rising day rates validate the supply-constrained thesis, with new drillship construction costs exceeding $1 billion.
  • Underweight/reduced Big Tech, substituting with semiconductor equipment. The author questions the monetization potential of AI use cases.
  • The author warns that with the 30-year Treasury yield breaking above 5%, the fixed-income bull market may be ending, and a value factor reversal could be underway.
~9 min full read · 9 sections
Deep Analysis

Outperformed the Benchmark This Quarter, with Energy and Japan Contributing the Most

Performance Comparison: The portfolio outperformed the benchmark this quarter, over the past 12 months, and over the past three years. The author attributes this to an unconstrained, contrarian, and diversified portfolio that has held its own in a narrow market dominated by the "Magnificent Seven." The top 50 stocks in the S&P 500 currently account for 57% of market capitalization, a level only exceeded in July 1932 and November 2000. The portfolio's underweight position in Big Tech has been a drag on performance over the past 12 months, but this was offset by strong returns from other sectors. The author believes the portfolio is well-positioned as mean reversion broadens the market.

Long-Term Zero-Weight Apple Becomes the Largest Positive Contributor

Performance Comparison: Within the quarter, Apple, held at a long-term zero weight, became the largest positive contributor. The energy sector (including shipping and oil drilling) contributed the most, while U.S. airlines and casinos were the main detractors. The author notes that airline holdings serve, in part, as a natural hedge against the overweight in energy — the portfolio's largest deviation from the benchmark is in energy, with a weight of approximately 15% versus 5.2%, reflecting a widening global energy supply-demand gap.

Increased Positions in Japan and Oil Drilling, Reduced Tech Holdings

Position Moves:

  • Japan Holdings (Increased): Two members of the investment team spent two weeks in Japan, visiting over 30 companies as well as policymakers, activist investors, and others. The Japan position has risen to approximately 12.5% (an overweight of about 6.5%).
  • Oil Drilling Companies (Increased): Rising day rates validate the thesis of constrained supply. The author quotes industry leaders stating that the construction cost of a new-generation deepwater drillship exceeds $1 billion, requiring an assumption of day rates near $900,000 four years from now, with 90% utilization for 30 years, to achieve a mid-teens return.
  • Big Tech (Underweight/Reduced): Continuing the trend of the past 12 months, the portfolio has reduced its tech exposure.

Market Outlook: Fixed Income Bull Market May Be Ending, Big Tech Faces Cognitive Dissonance

[Cautious] The author notes that strong U.S. employment reports have pushed up interest rate expectations, with the 30-year Treasury yield breaking above 5% for the first time since 2007. Investors are experiencing extreme cognitive dissonance — on one hand hoping for a Fed pivot, on the other hand fearing that "something will break." The author states, "Investors are experiencing an extreme case of cognitive dissonance as they fitfully come to terms with the realisation that the fixed income bull market that began in 1982 may finally be coming to an end."

Big Tech Benefits from Turmoil, but the Portfolio Adopts a "Selling Shovels" Strategy

Key Stocks/Sectors:

  • Thesis (Cautiously Bearish on Big Tech): The author argues that Big Tech stock prices have long benefited from this turmoil, and the rise of AI has reinforced their around-the-clock dominance. However, the portfolio's response is more prudent — providing the "shovels" (semiconductor and equipment manufacturers).
  • Evidence: Analysis by Empirical Research Partners shows that at the beginning of the year, sell-side analysts expected large AI stocks' 2024 capital expenditure to grow by 3-4%. This estimate has now been revised up to 16%, quadrupling in nine months. The author questions how AI use cases will be monetized to generate a return on investment.
  • Risk (Self-Identified by Author): Regulatory shadows — Lina Khan's FTC lawsuit against Amazon, EU antitrust and data protection initiatives, and the UK CMA's investigation into hyperscale cloud providers. The author states, "one person’s perception of barriers to entry may be another person’s verdict of monopolistic behaviour."

Value Factor May Reverse, Portfolio Already Positioned in Old Economy and Japan

Forward-Looking and Risk Reminder: If Big Tech's prospects are discounted more heavily, it could catalyze a reversal of the value factor's underperformance trend since 2017. The author believes that interest rates exceeding GDP growth and inflation is the natural order, and positive real rates are unfavorable for long-duration stocks reliant on distant cash flows. The portfolio is overweight old-economy sectors like energy and materials, where companies have repaired balance sheets, consolidated industry capacity, and are returning cash via dividends and buybacks, with valuations providing a margin of safety. The Japan position (approximately 12.5%) benefits from the unwinding and monetization of cross-shareholdings, making the effective enterprise value much lower than unadjusted data suggests. The author notes, "the valuation anomaly [is] almost as attractive as it was at lower prices."

Appendix: Position Moves

Position Action Key Data/Rationale
Apple Hold for Observation (Zero Weight) Largest positive contributor this quarter
U.S. Airlines Hold for Observation Main detractor, partly a natural hedge against energy overweight
Casinos Hold for Observation Main detractor
Japan Holdings Increased Position rose to 12.5% (overweight ~6.5%), unwinding cross-shareholdings
Oil Drilling Companies Increased Rising day rates validate the supply-constrained thesis
Big Tech Underweight/Reduced Continuing trend, replaced by semiconductor equipment
Energy Sector Overweight Weight ~15% vs benchmark 5.2%, reflecting supply-demand gap
Materials Sector Overweight Old-economy sector, valuations provide a margin of safety

Global Research Reveals Diversification Opportunities, Team Remains Positive

Conclusion: Excluding Japan, the Hosking Partners team has conducted on-the-ground research this year across 10 markets, including South Korea, Hong Kong, Singapore, Turkey, Italy, Germany, France, Brazil, Chile, and Mexico. The team is excited about the possibilities afforded by their unconstrained mandate and diversified approach.

  • Research Scope: Covers three major regions: Asia (South Korea, Hong Kong, Singapore), Europe (Turkey, Italy, Germany, France), and Latin America (Brazil, Chile, Mexico).
  • Team Sentiment: The author's original statement, "The team arrive back at Heathrow feeling excited by the possibilities afforded by their unconstrained mandate and diversified approach," means the team returned to Heathrow feeling excited about the possibilities offered by their unconstrained mandate and diversified approach.
  • Ongoing Actions: The author emphasizes, "We continue to scour the world for out-of-the-way and undervalued opportunities," meaning they continue to search globally for niche and undervalued opportunities. This echoes the report's overall preference for non-mainstream, non-consensus targets.

Position Moves

Instrument Direction Author's One-Sentence View Key Data
Japan Holdings Increased Cross-shareholding unwinding, valuations are almost as attractive as during low-price periods Position raised to 12.5% (overweight by ~6.5%)
Oil Drilling Company Increased Day rates rising validate the supply-constrained thesis, new vessel construction costs remain high New drillship construction cost exceeds $1 billion
Big Tech Reduced Continuing underweight direction, using semiconductor equipment as a substitute CapEx expectations quadrupled to 16% within nine months
Energy Sector Overweight Reflects widening global energy supply-demand gap, largest deviation from the benchmark in the portfolio Weight ~15% vs. benchmark 5.2%
Materials Sector Overweight Old economy sector, valuations provide a margin of safety Not specified
Apple Hold & Observe Long-term zero weight, largest positive contributor this quarter Not specified
U.S. Airlines Hold & Observe Major drag, partially serves as a natural hedge against the energy overweight Not specified
Casinos Hold & Observe Major drag Not specified