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Colossus (Invest Like the Best / Business Breakdowns)Podcast7 Nov 2025Source: joincolossus.comHost: Colossus

Alternative Investing: Alts For All - [Business Breakdowns, EP.234]

In plain words

This piece says alternative investments (like private loans and real estate funds) are moving from institutions to regular people. The author sees a $4 trillion opportunity because individuals currently invest very little in alts, and the U.S. retirement savings gap is also about $4 trillion. He's bullish on big platforms like Blackstone, Blue Owl, and Ares, which have strong brands and broad product lines. Blackstone's new private equity product sold $1 billion in a month; Blue Owl expanded from direct lending to infrastructure; Ares is a diversified platform. The key risk is liquidity mismatch—some funds promised daily redemptions but held illiquid assets, causing problems.

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At a Glance This edition of Business Breakdowns explores the trend toward the democratization of alternative investing. Host Matt Reustle, joined by Josh Clarkson, Managing Director at Prosek Partners, analyzes the sector and believes it represents a market opportunity of approximately $4 trillion.

~10 min full read · 8 sections
Deep Analysis

Democratizing Alternative Investments: A $4 Trillion Market Opportunity

At a Glance

Josh Clarkson (Managing Director at Prosek Partners) discusses with host Matt Reustle the trend of alternative investing moving from institutional exclusivity to the mass market. Core thesis: If private wealth channels increase their alternative asset allocation from the current 2%-5% to near the institutional level of 15%-20%, it would unlock approximately $4 trillion in AUM growth — which precisely matches the size of the U.S. retirement savings gap.


1. A $4 Trillion Opportunity: From Institutional Saturation to Retail Blue Ocean

Josh Clarkson argues that the alternative asset management industry is nearing saturation in the institutional channel, with the private wealth channel serving as the next growth engine.

  • Data support: Institutional investors allocate 20%-30%+ of their portfolios to alternative assets, while individual investors currently allocate only 2%-5%. If the latter rises to 15%-20%, based on the current alternative AUM base of approximately $20-22 trillion, the incremental opportunity would be roughly $4 trillion—equivalent to Japan's GDP.
  • Demand-side logic: The U.S. retirement savings gap is also approximately $4 trillion, and introducing alternative investments is seen as a way to help individual investors bridge this shortfall.
  • Channel context: A Trump executive order requires ERISA (Employee Retirement Income Security Act) to study the inclusion of private markets in 401(k) and DC plans, reversing the Biden-era stance that such inclusion "may not be suitable." This is viewed as a "big bang" regulatory shift.

> Reader note: The author uses the retirement savings gap to argue for the necessity of alternative investments—a classic industry narrative. The $4 trillion figure represents both an opportunity and a problem, and their exact equivalence carries a rhetorical tone.


2. Product Evolution: From "Design Flaw" to "Semi-Liquid" Solutions

Clarkson emphasizes that current retail alternative products have evolved from historical lessons, with the core improvement lying in liquidity design.

Historical Lessons: Third Avenue vs. BREIT

Case Product Structure Issue Outcome
Third Avenue (2010s) Distressed debt fund + mutual fund wrapper (daily liquidity) Severe mismatch between liquidity promise and underlying assets Forced "gating," investor capital locked up
BREIT (2022-2023) Non-traded REIT (quarterly 5% NAV redemption cap) Redemptions exceeded cap (mainly from leveraged Asian private banking clients) Executed as promised; UC Regents transaction ensured liquidity

Clarkson's assessment: Third Avenue was a "design problem"—linking daily liquidity to highly illiquid distressed bonds; while BREIT "did what it promised," and media claims of "gating" were unfair.

Current Major Product Types

  • Non-traded BDC: Must invest 70% of assets in U.S. corporate private loans; leverage up to 2x (typically 1.25x in practice)
  • Interval Fund: Registered under the 1940 Act; can invest in a broader range (structured credit, lower-liquidity bonds); stricter leverage limits; redemptions are mandatory (cannot be waived by the board)
  • Non-traded REIT: Real estate exposure; recent performance has outperformed public REITs
  • Private Equity Products: Emerging category; e.g., BXPE surpassed $1 billion in monthly sales

Clarkson notes: Credit products are the most natural fit for retail channels—high current income, regular distributions, and contractual interest and maturities allow managers to align asset and liability liquidity.


III. Winner-Take-All: Scale as King, Brand as Wings

Clarkson argues that this trend will intensify the "Matthew Effect" in the alternative asset management industry, with large integrated platforms best positioned to capture opportunities.

Winner Characteristics

1. Scale and Breadth: Blue Owl, Ares, Apollo, Blackstone, among others, possess cross-product line capabilities and resources for sales team development.

2. Brand Recognition: In retail channels, brand is far more important than in institutional channels—Blackstone has aired television advertisements, and Blue Owl has focused on brand building since its inception.

3. Credit Capability: Having a strong credit business is a prerequisite—TPG quickly acquired Angelo Gordon after its IPO, and Blue Owl expanded from direct lending to digital infrastructure and asset-based financing.

Challengers and Losers

  • Mid-Sized Specialists: Firms like Kennedy Lewis (non-sponsor lending) can offer differentiated products in specific niches but must invest wisely in brand building.
  • Small/Non-Scalable Strategies: Not suitable for retail channels.
  • Traditional Active Management Funds: Those lacking alternative capabilities will face greater headwinds.

Distribution Landscape

Large broker-dealers and RIA platforms will gain better product access and back-office processing capabilities; independent small advisors face higher relative costs.


4. Risk and Education: Liquidity Mismatch as the Core Contradiction

Clarkson acknowledges that investor education is a key variable in whether this trend can develop healthily.

Risk Cases Already Exposed

  • First Brands and Tricolor: Dubbed by the media as "failed private market transactions," but Clarkson points out that neither company is PE-owned, and their primary financing comes from public markets (First Brands is a major BSL issuer). Instead, it was private credit institutions pushing for deeper due diligence that uncovered the issues.
  • Yieldstreet (now Willow Wealth): The only recorded retail exposure to First Brands, but it had successfully exited more than a year before the problems surfaced—"the guardrails worked."

Allocation of Education Responsibilities

  • Managers: Have invested heavily in building education platforms (e.g., Blackstone University, Apollo Academy), targeting advisors rather than end investors.
  • Advisors: Are the primary channel for future education—Bayon's survey shows that when high-net-worth investors are asked to name three top private market firms, the most common response is "no one can answer."
  • Regulators: The FINRA arbitration mechanism serves as the ultimate safeguard, and mis-selling should be penalized.

> Clarkson's comparison: The direct lending business model (raising capital → leverage → lending → earning net interest margin) is more intuitive and easier to understand than the structured notes of large banks (which involve options and Greek letters).


Mentioned Positions

Position Analyst Stance Key Data
Blackstone (BX) Bullish – Industry leader BREIT/BXPE products; TV advertising; monthly BXPE sales exceeding $1 billion
Blue Owl (OWL) Bullish – Strong brand building Expanding from direct lending to digital infrastructure and asset-based financing
Ares Management (ARES) Bullish – Large integrated platform No specific data provided
Apollo Global Management (APO) Bullish – Large integrated platform No specific data provided
Oaktree (Brookfield subsidiary) Bullish – Brand advantage Public awareness built through Howard Marks memos
TPG (TPG) Neutral – Credit capabilities strengthened Acquisition of Angelo Gordon
P10 (PX) Neutral – Specific niche Subsidiary TrueBridge provides top-tier VC through fund-of-funds
Willow Wealth (formerly Yieldstreet) Neutral – Positive case Successful exit from First Brands exposure
Kennedy Lewis Neutral – Niche player Expertise in non-sponsor lending
Third Avenue Risk warning – Historical lesson Distressed debt fund + daily liquidity design failed

Judgments Worth Remembering

1. "4 trillion dollars is both an opportunity and a gap" (Josh Clarkson) — The growth space for alternative AUM exactly matches the U.S. retirement savings shortfall. This coincidence forms the core narrative of the industry, but readers should note this is from the perspective of asset holders.

2. "The institutional channel is nearing saturation; retail is the next growth engine" (Josh Clarkson) — Institutional alternative allocations have already reached 20%-30%+, with incremental gains primarily coming from market share competition. The shift from 2%-5% to 15%-20% in retail is the true "greenfield" opportunity.

3. "Third Avenue was a design problem; BREIT was a commitment to execution" (Josh Clarkson) — Linking daily liquidity to illiquid distressed debt was a fundamental flaw in the former. The latter executed the agreed 5% quarterly redemptions, and media characterizations of "gating" are unfair.

4. "First Brands and Tricolor are not private market issues" (Josh Clarkson) — Neither is owned by PE, and their primary financing comes from public markets. In fact, it was private credit institutions pushing for deeper due diligence that exposed the problems. Falsification condition: If a future default case arises involving a true PE-owned company financed by private credit, this argument would need reassessment.

5. "Direct lending is easier to understand than structured notes" (Josh Clarkson) — The business model of raising capital → leveraging → lending → earning net interest margin is more intuitive than structured products involving options and Greek letters. This is a counterintuitive rebuttal to the argument that "alternative investments are too complex."

6. "The retail channel requires a brand; the institutional channel does not" (Josh Clarkson) — The institutional channel only needs recognition from a few hundred allocators. The retail channel requires mass awareness and trust — Blackstone's TV ads and Blue Owl's brand building are all part of this strategy.

7. "Credit capability is a necessary condition for becoming a multi-strategy private market manager" (Josh Clarkson) — TPG's rapid acquisition of Angelo Gordon after its IPO, and Blue Owl's expansion from direct lending to asset-based finance, both confirm this trend.

8. "Alternatives in 401(k) plans will primarily enter through target-date funds, not as standalone options" (Josh Clarkson) — Most discussions focus on embedding private market exposure into target-date funds (via SMAs or collective investment trusts), with the majority of the portfolio remaining liquid to avoid redemption risk.